Form Function Finland:

Interactive Topics - 2000, a productive year for media art

The turn of the millennium has been an extremely active and succesful period for the Finnish media art scene. As digital content is very much in demand by the cultural policy and technology development sectors, artists have produced an unprecedented array of work - some even premiering two works within one year.

This productivity has been fuelled in part by the European City of Culture programme, and by two major exhibitions, both premiering new works from Finnish artists. Continent, co-produced by UIAH Media Lab and Magic Media in Brussels, showcased new work from Finland, Belgium and France in twin shows in Brussels and at Helsinki´s Lasipalatsi. F2F - New Finnish Media Art, produced by the Finnish Foundation for the Visual Arts, opened in Los Angeles' New Wight Gallery in September and will tour America in 2000-01.

Finnish works have also won international acclaim. Eija-Liisa Ahtila´s film installation, Consolation Service, was awarded the Venice Biennale Honorary Mention in 1999, and the Vincent prize in 2000. Marita Liulia received a mention in Prix Möbius International in Paris for the CD-ROM Son of the Bitch. Laura Beloff´s artist-in-residency in the Ars Electronica Center produced a new piece, Hame, which was invited for presentation in Siggraph, the major international computer graphics event.

In addition to these and some other more established media artists, many members of the younger generation have also come onto the scene.

Narrating Communities

In terms of themes, content and context the new works present a diversity of approaches. Many of them explore and create narrative structures that go beyond traditional ideas of storytelling, plot and character by focusing on other aspects of the representation.

Ahtila´s Consolation Service continues her interest in multi-voiced narration and the ambiguity of screen space in a story about the separation of a young family. Staged in Finnish suburbia, the work makes fantasies and fear visible by interventions into the narrative space. A man materializes before his ex-partner to take a final bow, and dematerializesinto polygons again; a group of friends falls through the ice in a surreal swimming scene, and the local community 'choir' silently witnesses a family therapy session.

Aquarium, an experimental interactive television programme directed by Teijo Pellinen, also invites viewers to witness and participate in a relationship. It's characters Ari and Eira, two city singles strained respectively by burnout and workaholism, resemble communal Tamagotchi pets: during the one-month screenings, the audience could phone in to incite the couple to eat, drink, dream and yearn - and possibly affect their behaviour by encouraging them to break their seclusion and establish contact with each other.

Aquarium took over a month of night-time programming by the YLE / Finnish broadcasting company and collected a loyal following of sleepless TV watchers. On the Internet, Andy Best and Merja Puustinen have launched their second virtual community project, Iceborg, where they continue combining an analysis of the political aspects of the Internet with a humorous and game like approach. In virtual community design, the narrative aspects are realized through the building of a seductive 3-dimensional world and by populating the world with avatars and bots, interactive discussion agents with programmed behaviours.

Uncontrolled Interfaces

In interactive art, the interface is the locus of materialization of the work. Very often, media art pieces defamilarize our usual notions of the interface: instead of user-friendliness and transparent control, the works present us with opaque surfaces and hardly controllable elements. In interactive installations this exploration also involves a spatial and bodily dimension.

Hanna Haaslahti interactive video Falling Through the Force of Gravity invites the user to dance on a sensor mat. Through dancing movements, the use, will be able to edit the work. Here the control is only partial - the focus of use is on improvisation, and by 'jamming' with the projected characters the user may uncover their physically staged stories.

For Hame, Laura Beloff designed special coats in which different hysterical states collude with the audiovisual operations of forward and rewind. The theme of mental states is also present in Beloff´s Binary Structures, a piece which simulates the operations of memory through a programmed structure. The 'contents' of the memory an uploaded by the users via the Internet. Where as the installation acts as the 'environment' merit where memory files are mutated, multiplied and erased. The interface cycles through different states and the fascinating piece resembles a living being: the user has to negotiate quite a lot to understand its behaviour.

One of the most emotionally engaging installations premiered in F2F is Heidi Tikka's Mother, Child. The user is asked to hold a soft piece of cloth - the kind of fabric traditionally used in babycare - onto which the image of a small child is projected. The user becomes involved in the process of nursing, where abrupt movements or the presence of too many visitors may cause the child to cry, By casting the user in the mother's role, Tikka presents an alternative to the ideas of control and command embedded in interfaces and invites the user to share the gentle experience of nursing the little one.

The artists as service provider?

The sharing of experiences is also adressed in the net project 10th City Share Life, by the artist/programmer collective katastro.fi. In the project, users from all over the world are invited to submit and exchange fragments of everyday life. The website contains video clips of very simple and sensual acts - rolling down a hill, warming up under a lamp, feeling different urban textures.

In a similar vein, Jan-Erik Andersson´s World Wide Chocolate Heart stresses human contact and exchange: In the Continent exhibition, portraits of the users were printed on chocolate hearts and eaten in a web-connected communion of two cities.

The active role of the audience is stressed in the new works in several ways. The users participate by contributing proposals for public monuments (Kristian Simolin´s Virtual Homage, a participatory sculpture Project), recounting stories of urban incidents (Maari Fabritius´ Street Memory), uploading memory fragments (Binary Structures), affecting the course of narration (Aquarium) or by actively building the world (Iceborg).

This artistic trend is a clear equivalent of the 'open source' movement in software production and, maybe symptomatically, the Finn Linus Torvalds received the first prize in the Net category at Ars Electronica 1999 for the creation of the LINUX operating system, which was codeveloped by thousands of programmers all over the world.

The artist's role consists of building the structure for interaction and exchanges and, subsequently, campaigning to keep the audience coming. A prime example of this approach is Tuomo Tammempää's Need, a total campaign comprising of booth installations, collectible cards spread around the city and an Internet service. Through the campaign, Tammenpää Promotes Need, a simulated brand which promises good rewards for loyal customers...

In the new economy-driven network society, it is only to be expected that artist, also cast themselves as service providers. Marita Liulias new Tarot project was initiated with the launch of a 'wireless magic service' tarot for mobile phones.

All in all, the new Finnish works refuse to stay within the confines of galleries and museums, taking over public spaces, television, the Internet and the wireless sphere. In doing this, they also beautifully confuse the boundaries of art, technology, politics, and commerce.

Form Function Finland
3 - 4, 2000
Minna Tarkka